Pengaruh Penerapan Preview Question Read Reflect Recite Review (PQ4R) Terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman Cerita anak dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Di Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Penerapan Preview Question Read Reflect Recite Review (PQ4R) Terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman Cerita Anak dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas V SDN 29 Singkawang Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif bertujuan menguji hipotesis statistik. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif dan uji hipotesis (inferensial) untuk menguji besarnya pengaruh variabel penerapan PQ4R (X), keterampilan membaca pemahaman (Y1), dan kemampuan berpikir kritis (Y2). Hasil penelitian disimpulkan: (1) Keterampilan membaca pemahaman dengan menggunakan PQ4R memberikan pengaruh terhadap keterampilan membaca pemahaman cerita anak. Pengaruh yang diperoleh tergolong dalam kriteria tinggi, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari hasil pretest dan posttest siswa yang meningkat, (2) Adapun pengaruh yang di dapatkan dengan menggunakan PQ4R dalam kemampuan berpikir kritis, siswa lebih aktif memberikan pendapatnya dan mencari solusi untuk masalah yang ada, (3) Kelas eksperimen skor rata-rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen pre-test adalah 90,6 dan skor rata-rata post-test adalah 97,6. Sedangkan kelas kontrol skor rata-rata hasil belajar pre-test adalah 80,2 dan post-test adalah 93,2. Data yang diperoleh terlihat bahwa, hasil belajar dengan menerapkan PQ4R lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak menerapkan PQ4R, (4) Sebelum diberikan perlakuan (Pre-test) diperoleh rata-rata yaitu 90,6 sedangkan setelah diberikan perlakuan yaitu dengan menerapkan PQ4R (Post-test) diperoleh rata-rata 97,6 untuk kelas eksperimen sedangkan kelas kontrol (Pre-test) diperoleh rata-rata yaitu 80,2 sedangkan setelah diberikan perlakuan (Post-test) yaitu diperoleh rata-rata 93,2, (5) Tingkat signifikasi F (1,242) jauh di atas 0,5 yaitu dengan Sig. 0,419 atau 41,9%, (6) Besarnya angka koefisien determinasi (R2) adalah 0,856 atau sama dengan 85,6%.

Kata kunci: strategi pembelajaran PQ4R; keterampilan membaca pemahaman cerita anak; kemampuan berpikir kritis; siswa sekolah dasar

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of the Preview Question Read Reflect Recite Review (PQ4R) Learning Strategy on the Reading Comprehension Skills of Children's Stories and the Critical Thinking Ability of the Fifth Grade Students of SDN 29 West Singkawang. This study uses a quantitative approach aimed at testing statistical hypotheses. This research was conducted at Accredited Elementary School B in West Singkawang by conducting research at SD Negeri 29 West Singkawang. Data collection by using questions. The data analysis technique was carried out by descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing (inferential) to test the magnitude of the influence of the variables implementing the PQ4R learning strategy (X), reading comprehension skills (Y1), and critical thinking skills (Y2) with the help of the SPSS version 20 application. The results of the study concluded: (1) Reading comprehension skills using the Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review (PQ4R) learning strategies have an effect (effect) on children's story comprehension reading skills. The influence obtained belongs to the high criteria, this can be proven from the increasing student pretest and posttest results, (2) As for the effect obtained by using PQ4R in critical thinking skills, students can be more active in giving their opinions and finding solutions to problems that exist, (3) In the experimental class the average score of students' learning outcomes in the pre-test experimental class is 90.6 and the post-test average score is 97.6. Meanwhile, in the control class, the average score of the pre-test students' learning outcomes was 80.2 and the post-test was 93.2. From the results of the data obtained, it appears that the learning outcomes of students by applying the PQ4R learning strategy are higher than those who do not apply the PQ4R learning strategy, (4) Before being given treatment (Pre-test) the average is 90.6 while after being given the treatment, namely by applying the PQ4R learning strategy (Post-test) obtained an average of 97.6 for the experimental class while the control class (Pre-test) obtained an average of 80.2 while after being given treatment (Post-test) was obtained an average an average of 93.2, (5) The significance level of F (1.242) is far above 0.5 with Sig. 0.419 or 41.9%, (6) The magnitude of the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.856 or equal to 85.6%.

Keywords:Effect of Implementation, Learning Strategy, Preview Question   Read Reflect Recite Review (PQ4R).