Tingkat Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis pada Konsep-Konsep Operasi Hitung Dasar Mahasiswa S1 PGSD

Abstract

Kemampuan konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar pada sekolah dasar merupakan materi matematika yang sangat penting. Rendahnya penguasaan konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar pada siswa sekolah dasar disebabkan rendahnya kemapuan pemahaman konsep, keterampilan berhitung dan kemampuan memecahkan soal cerita. Untuk itu, guru di sekolah dasar diharapkan dapat menjelaskan konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar dengan benar. Namun pada kenyataannya, masih banyak mahasiswa yang belum memahami konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar yang disebabkan dalam pembelajaran matematika kurang medapatkan perhatian. Tujuan Pennelitian adalah untuk mendeksripsikan kemampuan penalaran matematis konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar yang berkaitan pemahaman konsep keterampilan berhitung pada bilangan bulat dan pecahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah mahaisswa semester 2 PGSD FKIP Untan dan PGSD STKIP Singkawang pada Mata Kuliah Matematika Dasar. Objek penelitian adalah kemampuan penalaran matematis mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data meliputi tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu rata-rata kemampuan penalaran matematis konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar adalah 78,8%, dengan tingkat kemampuan 0 yaitu 1,3%, tingkat kemampuan I yaitu 3,9%, tingkat kemamupuan II yaitu 42,1%, tingkat kemampuan III yaitu 39,5% dan tingkat kemampuan IV yaitu 13,2%. Secara keseluruhan mahasiswa belum menguasai konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar. Kesulitan mahasiswa dalam menguasai konsep-konsep operasi hitung dasar ditunjukkan dari beberapa kesalahan mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal.

Kata Kunci:

Tingkat Kemampuan; Penalaran Matematis; Konsep Operasi Hitung Dasar

The Level of Mathematical Reasoning Ability in the Concepts of Basic Calculation Operations of Students

ABSTRACT

The ability to understand the concepts of basic arithmetic operations in elementary schools is very important mathematics material. The low mastery of the concepts of basic arithmetic operations in elementary school students is due to the low ability to understand concepts, numeracy skills and the ability to solve word problems. For this reason, teachers in elementary schools are expected to be able to explain the concepts of basic arithmetic operations correctly. However, in reality, there are still many students who do not understand the concepts of basic arithmetic operations because mathematics learning does not receive enough attention. The aim of the research was to describe mathematical reasoning abilities, concepts of basic arithmetic operations related to understanding the concept of counting skills in whole numbers and fractions. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects were 2nd semester students of PGSD FKIP UNTAN and PGSD STKIP Singkawang in the Basic Mathematics Course. The object of research was students' mathematical reasoning abilities. Data analysis techniques included stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research were that the average mathematical reasoning ability for basic arithmetic operations concepts is 78.8%, with ability level 0 being 1.3%, ability level I being 3.9%, ability level II being 42.1%, ability level III is 39.5% and ability level IV is 13.2%. Overall, students had not mastered the concepts of basic arithmetic operations. Students' difficulties in mastering the concepts of basic arithmetic operations were shown by several students' mistakes in solving problems.