ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN GEOGRAFI
Ivan Veriansyah, Ihsan Nurhakim
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pembelajaran online pada masa pandemic covid 19 terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa program studi pendidikan Geografi IKIP PGRI Pontianak. Hasil penelitian dijabarkan secara deskriptif dalam metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi berbasis first-hand experiences di mana sumber informasi responden sebagai subjek yang mengalami secara langsung aspek permasalahan proses pembelajaran yang terjadi, Data yang dikaji dan dianalisis dengan teori fenomenologi dan teori proses pembelajaran menunjukkan beberapa hal, yakni persiapan yang dilakukan dosen pada proses pembelajaran sistem daring meliputi penyusunan bahan ajar yang lebih terperinci, teknik mengajar yang lebih menarik, ketersediaan perangkat pembelajaran, dan ketersediaan jaringan internet. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran dilakukan secara virtual asynchronous dan collaborative synchronous Hasil analisisis penelitian pada mahasiswa semester II prodi geografi ini menitikberatkan kepada permasalahan pembelajaran daring dan rendahnya minat belajar mahasiswa. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pembelajaran online yang dilaksanakan di IKIP PGRI Pontianak sudah tergolong optimal karena dosen pengampu mata kuliah sudah sangat terbiasa dan berkompeten dalam menggunakan aplikasi-aplikasi penunjang pembelajaran online misalnya Zoom Meeting, Google Classroom maupun WhatApp. Selain itu, fasilitas yang menunjang juga menjadi factor utama dalam pembelajaran online misalnya handphone atau laptop dan jaringan internet di Pontianak.
Keywords
Pembelajaran Online, Minat belajar mahasiswa.
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jpipsi.v8i1.3873
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Jurnal PIPSI is Indexed by:
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)
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Jurnal PIPSI (Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Indonesia) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.